Chile is a Hispanic country in South America, occupying a long and narrow strip of the Pacific Ocean coastline. Its name is translated as "cold" from the language of the Quechua Indians, although the climatic conditions here are very diverse. Chile is home to about 17 million people, the form of government in the state is a presidential republic.
Chile
On the western coast of South America, the country of Chile stretches in a long and narrow strip along the Pacific Ocean - its length is more than 6 thousand kilometers, and its width at its widest point is only 355 kilometers. Such a strong elongation from north to south provided the territory of Chile with several climatic zones: in the south is the southernmost point of South America - the Diego Ramirez Islands, which belong to Chile, where a cold, windy and rainy climate reigns; and in the north, on the border with Peru, the climate is humid, subtropical.
Chile also boasts an amazingly diverse nature, on the territory of this country there are high snow-capped peaks of the Andes, evergreen moist forests, deciduous and coniferous forests, coastal plains and steppes, the world's driest desert, many nature reserves and national parks.
Chile can be called a country of records, it is not only the longest and narrowest state. This is the only country in the world where there are no poisonous snakes, where they offer tours to Antarctica, where the world's highest active volcano rises, where the most ecologically clean place on the planet (Patagonia) is located, where the southernmost city is located.
History and culture of Chile
The modern history of Chile began with the Spanish conquests led by Diego de Almagro, before that Indian tribes of the Incas, Mapuche, Uru, Chonos and others lived on this territory. At first, the captured northern regions became part of Peru, gradually the Spaniards conquered more and more territories, continuing to fight the Indians until 1882. In 1810, the country declared independence from Spain, the struggle against the colonial regime continued until 1817. In 1826, the National Congress appeared in Chile. The middle of the 19th century was darkened by the wars with Bolivia and Peru, but the Chilean army defended its positions.
The country gradually developed thanks to the rich deposits of silver and copper, successfully fought with its neighbors and the Spaniards, after the First World War it entered into a trade agreement with the United States. The 20th century was turbulent for the state: in 1927, a dictatorship was established, which fell four years later, another coup d'etat followed, a few years later the radical Cerda took over the presidency, during World War II Chile declared war on Germany and Japan, and in 1970 year, for the first time in the history of mankind, a socialist came to power as a result of elections, that is, in a peaceful and official way, but only three years later a military coup followed. Today, Chile is ruled by a democratic government.
